In the process of oil and gas exploration, a variety of machinery and equipment need to be used to ensure the smooth progress of exploration activities. These equipment cover many aspects from geological survey in the early stage of exploration to drilling, logging, well testing, and subsequent production operations. So today let's get to know these devices briefly：
1. Drilling rigs and drilling platforms：
Drilling rig: Also known as a drilling rig, it is the core equipment of drilling. It can drive drilling tools to drill underground to obtain oil and gas geological data. There are various types of drilling rigs, including electric drilling rigs, diesel drilling rigs, etc., which are suitable for different exploration environments and geological conditions.
Offshore drilling platform: It is an important equipment for offshore oil and gas exploration and development, including jack-up and semi-submersible drilling platforms. These platforms are equipped with drilling, power, communication, navigation and other equipment, as well as safety life-saving and personnel living facilities, which can carry out efficient exploration operations in complex sea conditions.
2. Drilling and completion equipment：
Drill bits: Important parts used for drilling in drilling are divided into various types according to different geological conditions, such as diamond drill bits, cone drill bits and scraper drill bits.
Drilling machinery and equipment: Including derricks, winches, turntables, mud pumps and pulping equipment, mud purification equipment (such as “three in addition to one screen”, etc.), cementing equipment (such as cementing pumps, pneumatic ash removal devices, etc.), and air compressors. These equipment work together to complete drilling operations.
3. Logging and well testing equipment：
Logging equipment: Including logging instruments, inclinometers, comprehensive logging instruments, etc., it is used to measure underground geological parameters and provide an important basis for oil and gas exploration.
Well test equipment: Including separators, heaters, oil test tanks, burners and other equipment, it is used to test oil and gas wells and evaluate their production potential and economic value.
4. Production and oil production equipment：
Pumping unit: Commonly known as “kowtow machine”, it is the main lifting equipment of the rod pumping system, which is divided into beam-type pumping unit and beam-free pumping unit. The beam-type pumping unit can operate around the clock in the oilfield for a long time.
Oil pump: It is the downhole equipment in the pumping system of the pumping unit—deep well pump, which is directly related to the output of the oil well. The oil pump is mainly composed of a working cylinder, a plunger, a fixed valve, and a swimming valve.
Oil tree: It is a wellhead device used to extract oil such as self-injection wells and machine-operated wells. It is located in the uppermost part of the oil and gas well and is the main equipment for controlling and regulating oil and gas production.
5. Power and auxiliary equipment：
Power equipment: Including diesel engines, generators, electric motors, thyristor rectifier devices and other drilling power equipment, as well as special power equipment such as navigation, power positioning, pile leg lifting, and auxiliary power equipment such as anchoring and lifting.
Safety fire-fighting and anti-pollution facilities: Including fire-resistant lifeboats, life-saving balls, work boats, life buoys, life jackets and other life-saving facilities, water fire-extinguishing systems, chemical fire-extinguishing systems, and waste oil, sewage, and exhaust gas recovery and treatment devices to ensure the safety and environmental protection of exploration operations.
6. Other auxiliary equipment：
Petroleum exploration equipment: Such as petroleum geophysical exploration instruments, pipeline endoscopes, etc., used for geological exploration, pipeline inspection and other auxiliary operations.
Data monitoring and control center: Through the large screen and real-time monitoring system, the operating status and operating parameters of various equipment can be monitored in real time, providing a basis for decision-making for exploration operations.